ANRS CO5 VIH2 cohort

ANRS CO5 VIH2 cohort

This is a national, open, prospective, multicentre cohort.

There are 2 types of HIV virus, HIV-1 and HIV-2. The HIV-2 virus is much less widespread than HIV-1. HIV-2 infection mainly affects people from West Africa. In France, it accounts for less than 2% of all HIV infections. Although it can progess to AIDS like HIV-1 infection, it develops more slowly. Not all antiretroviral drugs that are effective against HIV-1 are effective against HIV-2.

The ANRS CO5 VIH2 cohort has included up to 80% of adult patients infected with HIV-2 in France. The cohort has shown that 6% of participants are long-term nonprogressors and 9% are controllers. Seventy per cent (70%) of treatment-naive patients have an undetectable plasma viral load. A better assessment and understanding of the risk of disease progression has been achieved thanks to the standardised viral load measurement techniques developed in this cohort. The cohort has also contributed to the evolution of treatment recommendations for HIV-2. Data have provided evidence on antiretroviral treatment strategies, immunovirological response and the emergence of resistance. Research continues to explore the pathophysiology of HIV-2 infection, which is considered as a model of attenuated retroviral infection.

Objectives of the ANRS CO5 VIH2 cohort

Main objective

• To study HIV-2 infection in adult patients in France

Secondary objectives

• To describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of participants infected with HIV-2, and immunovirological characteristics of the infection
• To study the clinical and immunological progression of HIV-2 infection and predictive markers of disease progression
• To study the response to antiretroviral treatment (clinical, immunovirological) and help identify the best antiretroviral strategies and combinations to treat the infection.
• To assess the care practices of participants in French hospitals
• To provide a clinico-biological database and a sample collection for virological and/or immunological studies of HIV-2 infection

Main references

• Antoine Bachelard, Quentin Le Hingrat, Valentine-Marie Ferré, Minh Lê, Gilles Peytavin, Florence Damond, Charlotte Charpentier, Guillemette Fremont Goudot, Jeanne Goupil de Bouille, Sylvie Lariven, Pierre Delobel, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Diane Descamps, Sophie Matheron, Jade Ghosn; ANRS CO05 VIH-2 cohort study group : Salvage Therapy Including Foscarnet and Ibalizumab for Multidrug-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Infection. Clin Infect Dis 2024 Apr 10;78(4):1005-1010.doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad695.
• Ronchetti A-M, Matheron S, Galicier L, Damond F, Mahjoub N, Chaghil N, Meignin V, Mechaï F, Simon F, Oksenhendler E, Gerard L. Lymphoma in HIV-2-infected patients in combination antiretroviral therapy era. AIDS. 2021 Nov 15;35(14):2299-2309.
• Visseaux B, Bertine M, Le Hingrat Q, Ferré V, Charpentier C, Collin F, Damond F, Matheron S, Hué S, Descamps D, on behalf of the French ANRS CO5 HIV-2 cohort. HIV-2 Diversity Displays Two Clades within group A with Distinct Geographical Distribution and Evolution. Virus Evol. 2021 Mar 16; Vol. 7.
• Le Hingrat Q, Collin G, Damond F, Peytavin G, Lebourgeois S, Ghosn J, Bachelard A, Marie Ferre V, Matheron S, Descamps D and Charpentier C. In vitro analysis of the replicative capacity and phenotypic susceptibility to integrase inhibitors of HIV-2 mutants with integrase insertions. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2021 Nov 6;dkab387. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab387.
• Berzow D, Descamps D, Bermeier M, Charpentier C, Kaiser R, Guertler L, Eberle J, Wensing A, Sierra S, Ruelle J, Gomes P, Mansinho K, Taylor N, Jensen B, Döring M, Stürmer M, Rockstroh J, and Camacho R. Human Immunodeficiency Virus–2 (HIV-2): A Summary of the Present Standard of Care and Treatment Options for Individuals Living with HIV-2 in Western Europe. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Feb;72(3):503-509. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa275.DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa27.
• Iannetta M, Isnard S, Manuzak J, Guillerme J-B, Notin M, Bailly K, Andrieu M, Amraoui S, Vimeux L, Figueiredo S, Charmeteau-de-Muylder B, Vaton L, Hatton E X, Samri A, Autran B, Thiébaut R, Chaghil N, Glohi D, Charpentier C, Descamps D, Brun-Vézinet F, Matheron S, Cheynier R, Hosmalin A. Conventional Dendritic Cells and Slan + Monocytes During HIV-2 Infection. Front Immunol. 2020 Aug 13;11:1658. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01658.
• Le Hingrat Q, Visseaux B, Bertine M, Chauveau L, Schwartz O, Collin F, Damond F, Matheron S, Descamps D, Charpentier C. Genetic Variability of Long Terminal Repeat Region between HIV-2 Groups Impacts Transcriptional Activity. J Virol. 2020 Mar 17;94(7):e01504-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01504-19.
• Samri A, Charpentier C, Cheynier R, Matheron S, Brun-Vézinet F, Autran B, groupe d’étude ANRS CO5 IMMUNOVIR-2. Viral reservoir in HIV-2 infection: a model for attenuated retroviral infection. Med Sci. 2020 Apr;36(4):336-339. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2020046.
• Tzou P L, Descamps D, Rhee S-Y, Raugi D-N, Charpentier C, Taveira N, Smith R A, Soriano V, de Mendoza C, Holmes S P, Gottlieb G S, Shafer R W. Expanded Spectrum of Antiretroviral-Selected Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2. J Infect Dis.. 2020 Jun 11;221(12):1962-1972. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa026.