AIDS 2024: ANRS MIE provides an update on HIV research

The complete elimination of infected cells (HIV cure) is challenging, even with aggressive strategies such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. On the other hand, the immune responses developed against HIV during natural infection present early alterations that antiretroviral therapy cannot fully reverse, impairing the efficient immune control of infection upon antiretroviral therapy interruption. Therefore, new targeted immunotherapies are among the priorities for HIV remission/cure approaches. Studies including extraordinary individuals who control HIV infection for decades in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (natural and post-treatment controllers) and in the natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus have provided unique insights into immune responses associated with durable viral control. These immune responses are thus optimal models to guide the development of efficient HIV immunotherapies. This satellite will discuss the study of such immune correlates of control and the development of novel immunotherapies for achieving HIV remission.